6 Although conventional anatomy textbooks have been well established for decades, 7, 8 novel methodology should be developed to help medical students memorize anatomy efficiently in limited time. 4, 5 Moreover, excessive emphasis on anatomy memorization might result in insufficient emphasis on anatomy comprehension. 2, 3 If the burden of memorization is too much, medical students may lose interest in the subject of anatomy, causing lower academic performance.
Even with such reduced time, medical students still have to memorize enormous amounts of anatomical structures. While anatomy books have kept their past style, time spent for gross anatomy coursework is being reduced in medical schools around the world, owing to the application of numerous new curricula such as integrated lecture or flipped learning. 5) Many anatomists followed expanded topics of anatomy education, such as clinical anatomy, which is advantageous but difficult for students learning anatomy for the first time. 4) Being afraid of criticism, anatomists have hardly tried bold simplification or ellipsis of lengthy anatomy contents. 3) Writings or tables are also copied between books since copyright policy for writing is indistinct.
2) Once figures were drawn with computer graphics, characteristic drawing styles have disappeared even more. After the publication of the “Gray's Anatomy” in 1858, 1 most anatomy books are similar to each other for the following reasons: 1) Figures of anatomical structures have been copied with tiny modification between multiple books.
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